FCI-Standard N° 235 / 08.04.2007 / SLO / prevod pripravil in slikovno opremil Miloš Trbulin / Izvor: Nemčija Datum objave originalnega veljavnega standarda: 13.03.2001 Uporaba: Družaben pes, pes čuvaj Klasifikacija F.C.I.: Skupina 2: Pinči in šnavcerji Molosoidne pasme - Švicarske Gorski psi in Cattle dog in druge pasme. Odsek 2.1: molosoidne pasme, Mastif tip. Brez delovnega preizkusa.   SPLOŠNI IZGLED: Nemška doga je plemenitega videza, združuje v velikem, močnem telesu, ponos, moč in eleganco. S svojim plemenitim in skladnim videzom pravilnih telesnih razmerij in še posebaj s svojo izrazito glavo, nemška doga daje odraz plemenitega kipa. Ona je Apolon med psi.   POMEMBNI PROPORCI: Skoraj pravokotna oblika telesa, kar še posebej velja za samce. Dolžina telesa (od prsnice do zadka) ne sme preseči višine vihra za več kot 5% pri samcih in ne več kot 10% pri samicah.   OBNAŠANJE / TEMPERAMENT: Prijazni, ljubeznivi in vdani svojemu lastniku, še posebno otrokom. Nekoliko zadržani do tujcev. Zanesljivi, neustrašni, vodljivi, ubogljivi družabni in družinski psi, ki se ne odzivajo na provokacije in niso agresivni. GLAVA: Lobanja: V skladu s splošnim izgledom. Dolga, ozka, markantna z jasnim izrazom. Lepe poteze, /še posebno pod očmi/, lok obrvi je dobro razvit vendar ni izbočen. Razdalji med vrhom nosu in stopom naj bi bila enaka razdalji med, rahlo izraženo zatilno kostjo in stopom. Zgornje linije gobca in lobanje morajo biti vzporedne. Glava mora biti ozka, gledano spredaj, s čim širšim nosnim delom. Lične mišice so le rahlo izražene in nikakor ne izbočene. Stop: Jasno izražen. Smrček: dobro razvit, bolj širok kot okrogel, s širokimi nosnicami. Mora biti črn, izjema so harlekini (bel s črnimi pikami). Pri teh je črn smrček zaželen, vendar se tolerira tudi metuljast smrček (črn z rožnatimi pikami) ali barve mesa. Pri modrih psih je smrček antracitne barve (razredčena črna barva). Gobec: globok in čimbolj pravokoten. Dobro definirani koti ustnic. Temno obarvane ustnice. Pri harlekinih nepopolno obarvane ali mesene barve se tolerirajo. Čeljusti / zobovje: Dobro razvite široke čeljusti. Močan in popoln sekalni (škarjast) ugriz (42 zob po zobni formuli) SPODAJ ZGORAJ Oči: Srednje velikosti z živahnim, prijaznim inteligentnim izrazom. Čim bolj temne, mandljaste oblike s tesno pokrivnimi vekami. Pri modrih psih se tolerira nekoliko svetlejša barva oči. Pri harlekinih se tolerirajo svetle ali različno obarvane oči. Uhlji: naravno viseče, postavljene visoko, srednje velikosti, sprednji robovi se prilegajo na lica. VRAT:Dolg, suh, mišičast. Dobro oblikovan, nekoliko koničast proti glavi, upognjena vratna linija. Vsajen navzgor toda nekoliko nagnjen naprej. TELO: Viher: najvišja točka telesa- Oblikujejo ga točke robov ramen, ki segajo nad podaljške vretenc. Hrbet: Kratek in čvrst, skoraj ravna črta, ki sega neopazno proti zadku. Ledveni del: nekoliko obočen, širok in močno mišičast. Zadek: Širok, mišičast. V rahlem padcu proti kolkom do repnega nastavka in se neopazno združi z repom. Prsi: Segajo do komolcev. Dobro ukrivljena rebra, ki segajo daleč nazaj. Prsni koš dobro širok z izraženim prednjim delom. Spodnja linija in trebušni del: Trebušni del usločen navzgor in nazaj in oblikuje lepo krivuljo s spodnjim delom prsnega koša. REP: Sega do skočnega sklepa. Visoko in široko vsajen, in se zožuje proti konici. Normalno visi navzdol naravno sproščen. Ko je pes pozoren ali se giblje, nosi rep rahlo sabljasto toda ne preveč nad hrbtno linijo. Ščetinasta dlaka na repu ni zaželena. OKONČINE: Prednje Rame: Močno mišičaste. Dolge poševne rame tvorijo kot 100 do 110 stopinj z nadlahtjo. Nadlahet: Močna in mišičasta, tesno se prilega, naj bi bila nekoliko daljša od ramenskega loka. Komolci: Niso obrnjeni ne navzven ne navznoter. Podlahet: Močna mišičasta. Gledano spredaj in s strani je popolnoma ravna. Zapestje: Močan, čvrst in rahlo izstopa iz zgradbe podlahti. Dlan: Čvrst, raven in gledano spredaj in s strani je le rahlo naklonjen naprej. Šapa: okrogla, jasno izbočeni oblikovani prsti (mačja šapa). Nohti so kratki, čvrsti in po možnosti temni.   Zadnje Celoten skelet prekrivajo močne mišice ki oblikujejo širok in kroglast videz, zadka, kolkov in stegen. Močne, pravilnih kotov, zadnje noge so pri pogledu od zadaj vzporedne s prednjimi nogami. Zgornje stegno: dolgo, široko, mišičasto Kolenski sklep: močan, naravnan skoraj vertikalno glede na kolčni sklep Spodnji del: Dolg, skoraj enake dolžine kot zgornji del. Dobro mišičast Gleženj: Močan čvrst, ni obrnjen ne navzven ne navznoter. Stopalo: kratek, čvrst, skoraj vertikalen na podlago. Šapa: okrogla, jasno izbočeni oblikovani prsti (mačja šapa). Nohti so kratki, čvrsti in po možnosti temni.   DRŽA / GIBANJE: Skladno, gibčno, hoja po tleh, nekoliko poskočno. Noge morajo biti vzporedne v gibanju. KOŽA: se tesno prilega. Enakomerno obarvana, dobro pigmentirana: Pri harlekinih je razpored pigmenta glede na znamenja. KOŽUH DLAKA: zelo kratka, gosta, gladka, tesno prilegajoča, svetleča. BARVA: Nemška doga se vzreja v treh barvnih različicah: rumeno rjava progasta, harlekin in črna, ter modra. - rumeno rjava: svetlo zlato rumena rjava do temne rumeno rjave barve. Zaželena črna maska (obrazni del ) Neželena so bela znamenja na prsih in prstih. - Progasta (tigrasta) osnovne barve: svetlo do temno rumeno rjava s črnimi progami, ki so pravilne in jasno definirane in potujejo v smeri reber. Zaželena črna maska. Neželena so bela znamenja na prsih in prstih. - Harlekin (bel s črnimi lisami): osnovna barva je čisto bela, zaželeno brez pik. Čisto črne lise so razporejene po celotnem telesu, kot, da bi bile raztrgane. Sive in rjavkaste lise so neželene. - Črna: lak črn, dovoljene bele oznake. Sem spadajo "manteltiger" pri katerem je kožuh črn in se prilega kot plašč (mantel) lahko pa ima bel gobec, vrat, prsi, trebuh, noge in konico repa. "Plattenhunde"- psi z osnovno belo barvo in velikimi črnimi pikami - Modra: jekleno modra, dovoljena bela znamenja na prsih in stopalih. VIŠINA Višina vihra: psi najmanj 80 cm psice najmanj 72 cm NAPAKE Vsako odstopanje od prej naštetih točk se smatra za napako, ki jo je treba primerno obravnavati. Splošni izgled: pomanjkanje moških ali ženskih značilnosti, odstopanje od ravnovesja, prenežna ali pregroba zgradba. Temperament: premalo samozavesti, nervoza, hitro reagiranje na provociranje. Glava: linije glave niso paralelne, jabolčna glava, klinasta oblika, premalo stopa; preizrazita lična mišičnina. Gobec: šiljast, viseče, nihajoče ustnice. Konkavni ali konveksni nosni lok, ki je ukrivljen naprej (orlovski nos). Čeljusti / zobovje: Vsako odstopanje od popolne zobne formule (manjkata lahko samo oba P1 v spodnji čeljusti). Nepravilen položaj posameznih sekalcev - če je ugriz drugače pravilen, premajhni zobje. Oči: ohlapne veke, beločnica preveč rdeča. Svetle jantarne oči. Očesna mrena ali drugače obarvane oči pri enobarvnih kožuhih. Oči preveč narazen ali poševne oči. Oči preveč izbočene ali upadle. Uhlji: Previsoko ali prenizko nastavljeni. Odstopajo od strani glave ali so popolnoma povešeni. Vrat: kratek debel vrat, tanek vrat, debel ali povešen podbradek. Hrbet: sedlast, debelušen. Predolg. Zgornja linija se dviguje proti zadnjemu delu. Zadek: strmo pada ali je popolnoma raven. Rep: predebel, predolg ali prekratek, previsoko ali prenizko nastavljen, se nosi previsoko nad hrbtno linijo. Kljukast ali ukrivljen rep ali če ga pes nosi vstran. Rep ki je poškodovan, zadebeljen na koncu ali je bil odrezan. Prsni koš: ravna ali sodasto oblikovana rebra. Premajhna širina ali globina prsnega koša. Preizrazita prsna kost. Spodnja linija: trebuh premalo vbočen. Seski niso dovolj retrahirani. Prednje noge: premalo kotov; lahke kosti, slabotne mišice. Stoja ni pravilna. Ramena: preohlapne ali prenapete. Pokončen ramenski lok. Komolci: ohlapni, obrnjeni. Podlahet: upognjena, povečana nad zapestjem. Zapestje: povečan, izrazito slaboten ali se nagiba preko. Dlan: preveč nagnjena ali preveč pokončna. Zadnje okončine: preveliki ali premajhni koti. Kravji skočni sklep, preveč skupaj ali preveč narazen pri stoji. Skočni sklep: preveč izrazit ali nestabilen. Stopala: ravna, poševna, dolga, zakrnel prst. Drža / gibanje: premalo na podlagi, premalo prostega sproščenega gibanja. Pogosto ali stalno korakanje. Pomanjkanje usklajenosti gibanja prednjih in zadnjih okončin. Kožuh: dvojne dlake (ščetine, kratke dlake), nesvetleč. Barva: Pri rumeno rjavi: sive, modra, isabella (smetanasta) ali črno rjava. Pri progastih: osnovna barva srebrno modra ali isabella. Izprane linije. Pri harlekinih: modro siva pikčasta osnovna barva. Rumeno-rjavo-sivi ali modrosivi deli v lisah. Pri črni: rumeno rjava ali modro črna barva. Pri modrih: rumeno rjava ali črno modra barva. HUDE NAPAKE Temperament: plašljivost. Čeljusti / zobovje: kleščni ugriz. Oči: entropij, ektropij. Rep: volnat rep. IZLOČEVALNE NAPAKE Temperament: agresivnost, grizenje iz strahu. Smrček: jetrna obarvanost, razcepljen smrček. Čeljusti / zobovje: prednji ali zadnji ugriz, ukrivljena usta. Barva: rumeno rjavi ali lisasti z belo liso na čelu, ovratnikom, bele šape ali nogavičke ali konica repa. Modri psi z belo liso na čelu, ovratnikom belimi šapami ali nogavičke ali konica repa. Harlekini: beli brez črne (albini), gluhi. T.i. Porcelanasti tigri (psi, ki imajo predvsem modre, sive, rumeno rjave ali pisane lise), t.i. "Grautiger" (psi ki imajo predvsem osnovno sivo barvo s črnimi pikami). Višina: nižja od priporočenega minimuma. OPOMBA: samci morajo imeti dvoje normalno razvitih mod, ki so spuščena v mošnjo.

FCI-Standard N° 235 / 09. 08. 2002 / GB

GREAT DANE
(Deutsche Dogge)
TRANSLATION : Mrs. C. Seidler, revised by Mrs R. Sporre-Willes and E. Peper.

ORIGIN : Germany.

DATE OF PUBLICATION OF THE ORIGINAL VALID STANDARD : 13.03.2001.

UTILIZATION : Companion, watch- and guard dog.

CLASSIFICATION F.C.I. : Group 2 Pinscher and Schnauzer -
Molossoid breeds - Swiss
Mountain and Cattle Dogs
and other breeds.
Section 2.1 Molossoid breeds, Mastiff
type.
Without working trial.

BRIEF HISTORICAL SUMMARY : As forerunners of the present day Great Dane, one must look at the old “Bullenbeisser” (Bulldog) as well as the « Hatz-and Saurüden » (Hunting and wild boar hounds), which were midway between the strong Mastiff of English type and the fast, handy Greyhound. The term Dogge was at first understood to mean a large, powerful dog, not of any particular breed. Later, particular names such as Ulmer Dogge , English Dogge, Great Dane, Hatzrüde (Hunting Dog), Saupacker (boarfinder) and Grosse Dogge (Great Dogge), classified these dogs according to colour and size.
In the year 1878 a Committee of seven was formed in Berlin, consisting of active breeders and judges with Dr. Bodinus in the chair, which made the decision to classify all the forenamed varieties as « Deutsche Doggen » (Great Danes). Thus the foundation was laid for the breeding of a separate German breed.
In the year 1880, on the occasion of a show in Berlin, the first standard for the Deutsche Dogge was laid down. This standard has been taken care of since the year 1888 by the “Deutsche Doggen Club 1888 e.V.” (German Doggen Club, registered Club 1888) and frequently been revised over the years. The present Standard meets the requirements of the F.C.I.

GENERAL APPEARANCE : The Great Dane in his noble appearance combines a large, powerful well constructed body with pride, strength and elegance. By substance together with nobility, harmonious appearance, well proportioned outlines, as well as a specially expressive head, the Great Dane strikes the onlooker as a noble statue. He is the Appolo amongst all breeds.

IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS : Almost square in build, this applies particularly to males. The length of the body (point of sternum to point of buttocks) should not exceed height at withers in dogs by more than 5%, in bitches by more than 10%.

BEHAVIOUR / TEMPERAMENT : Friendly, loving and devoted to his owners, specially to the children. Reserved towards strangers. Required is a confident, fearless, easily tractable, docile companion and family dog with high resistance to provocation and without aggression.

HEAD

CRANIAL REGION :
Skull : In harmony with the general appearance. Long, narrow, distinct, full of expression. Finely chiselled, specially under the eyes. Superciliary ridges well developed but not protruding. The distance from tip of nose to stop and from stop to the lightly defined occipital bone should be as equal as possible. The upper lines of muzzle and skull should run parallel. The head must appear narrow seen from the front with bridge of nose as broad as possible. Cheek muscles only slightly defined and in no way protruding.
Stop : Clearly defined.

FACIAL REGION :
Nose : Well developeded, rather broad than round with large nostrils. Must be black with the exception of harlequins (white with black patches). In these a black nose is desired but a butterfly nose (black with pink patches) or flesh coloured nose is tolerated. In blue dogs the colour of the nose is anthracite (diluted black).
Muzzle : Deep and as rectangular as possible. Well defined corners of lips. Dark pigmented lips. In harlequins not totally pigmented or flesh coloured lips are tolerated.
Jaws/Teeth : Well developed broad jaws. Strong sound and complete scissor bite (42 teeth according to the dentition formula).
Eyes : Of medium size with lively friendly intelligent expression. As dark as possible, almond shaped with close fitting lids. In blue dogs slightly lighter eyes are tolerated. In harlequins light eyes or two differently coloured eyes are to be tolerated.
Ears : Naturally pendant, set on high, of medium size, front edges lying close to cheeks.

NECK : Long, clean, muscular. Well formed set on, tapering slightly towards the head, with arched neckline. Carried upright but inclined slightly forward.

BODY :
Withers : The highest point of the strong body. It is formed by the points of the shoulder blades which extend beyond the spinal processes.
Back : Short and firm, in almost straight line falling away imperceptibly to the rear.
Loins : Slightly arched, broad, strongly muscled.
Croup : Broad, well muscled. Sloping slightly from hipbone to tail set, imperceptibly merging into the tailset.
Chest : Reaching to the elbows. Well sprung ribs, reaching far back. Chest of good width with marked forechest.
Underline and belly : Belly well tucked up towards rear, forming a nicely curved line with the underside of the brisket.

TAIL : Reaching to the hocks. Set on high and broad, tapering evenly towards tip. In repose hanging down with natural curve. When dog is alert or moving, carried slightly sabre-like but not markedly above the backline. Bristle hair on tail undesirable.

LIMBS

FOREQUARTERS :
Shoulders : Strongly muscled. The long, slanting shoulder blade forms an angle of 100 to 110 degrees with the upper arm.
Upper arm : Strong and muscular, close fitting, should be slightly longer than the shoulder blade.
Elbows : Turned neither in nor out.
Forearm : Strong, muscular. Seen from front and side, completely straight.
Carpus : Strong, firm, only slightly standing out from the structure of the forearm.
Pastern : Strong, straight when seen from the front, seen from the side, barely slanting forwards.
Front feet : Rounded, well arched, well-knit toes (cat feet). Nails short, strong and as dark as possible.

HINDQUARTERS : The whole skeleton is covered by strong muscles which make the croup, hips and upper thighs appear broad and rounded. The strong well angulated hind legs, seen from behind, are set parallel to the front legs.
Upper thigh : Long, broad, very muscular.
Stifles : Strong, positioned almost vertically under the hip joint.
Lower thigh : Long, of approximately the same length as the upper thigh. Well muscled.
Hocks : Strong, firm, turning neither in nor out.
Metatarsus : Short, strong, standing almost vertical to the ground.
Hind feet : Rounded, well arched, well-knit (cat feet). Nails short, strong and as dark as possible.

GAIT / MOVEMENT : Harmonious, lithe, ground covering, slightly springy. Legs must be parallel in movement coming and going.

SKIN : Tight fitting. In solid colours, well pigmented. In harlequins, the distribution of pigment mainly corresponds to the markings.

COAT

HAIR : Very short, dense, smooth and close lying, glossy.

COLOUR : The Great Dane is bred in three separate colour varieties: Fawn and brindle, harlequin and black, and blue.
Fawn : Light gold fawn to deep gold fawn. Black mask desired. Small white marks on chest and toes undesirable.
Brindle : Basic colours, light to deep gold fawn with black stripes as regular and clearly defined as possible, running with the direction of the ribs. Black mask desired. Small white markings on chest and toes are undesirable.
Harlequin (white with black splashed patches) : Basic colour pure white, preferably with no ticking. Pure black patches well distributed all over the body, having the appearance of being torn. Grey or brownish patches undesirable
Black : Jet black, white markings permitted. Included here are « Manteltiger » in which the black covers the body like a coat (“mantel”) or blanket and muzzle, throat, chest, belly, legs and tip of tail may be white. Also dogs with basic white colour and large black patches so called “Plattenhunde”.
Blue : Pure steel blue, white markings on chest and feet permitted.

HEIGHT :
Height at withers : Dogs at least 80 cm,
Bitches at least 72 cm.

FAULTS : Any departure from the foregoing points should be considered a fault and the seriousness with which the fault should be regarded should be in exact proportion to its degree.
General appearance : Lack of male or female characteristics, lack of balance, too light, too coarse in built.
Temperament : Lacking self-confidence, nervous, easily provoked.
Head : Lines of head not parallel, apple head, wedge shaped head, too little stop; too prominent cheek muscles.
Muzzle : Pointed, lacking flews, lips too pendulous. Bridge of nose concave (dish shaped), convex (roman nose), falling away in front part (eagle nose).
Jaws/Teeth : Any deviation from a complete set of teeth (only the missing of both PM1 in the lower jaw may be tolerated). Irregular position of individual incisors as long as the bite remains otherwise correct), teeth too small.
Eyes : Slack lids, haw too red. Light, piercing, amber coloured eyes. Wall eyes or differently coloured eyes in all solid coat colours. Eyes too wide apart or slit eyes. Eyes protruding or too deeply set.
Ears : Set on too high or too low. Standing off from the sides of the head or flat lying.
Neck : Short thick neck, ewe neck, throatiness or excess of dewlap.
Back : Sway back, roach back. Too long in back. Topline rising towards rear.
Croup : Falling away steeply or completely flat.
Tail : Too thick, too long or too short, set on too low or too highly carried above the back line. Hook tail or curled tail as well as tail carried sideways. Tail which is damaged, thickened at the tip or has been docked.
Ribcage : Flat or barrel-shaped ribs. Lack of width or depth of chest. Too strongly protruding breastbone.
Lower line : Belly line not sufficiently tucked up. Teats not sufficiently retracted.
Forelegs : Insufficient angulation. Light bone, weak muscles. Stance not vertical.
Shoulders : Loose or loaded. Upright shoulder blade.
Elbows : Loose, turning in or out.
Forearm : Bent, enlarged above pastern.
Pastern : Enlarged, markedly weak or knuckling over.
Metacarpus : Too sloping or too upright.
Hindquarters : Too much or too little angulation. Cow hocked, close together or open hocked when standing.
Hocks : Exaggerated large or unstable.
Feet : Flat, splayed, long. Dewclaws.
Gait/Movement : Covering too little ground, lack of freedom in action. Frequent or constant pacing. Lack of co-ordination between front and hind movement.
Coat : Double coat (coarse, short coat), dull coat.
Colour :
In fawn : Grey fawn, blue fawn, isabella (cream) or sooty fawn
colour.
In brindles : Basic colour silver blue or isabella. Washed-out
streaks.
In harlequins : Blue-grey ticked basic colour.
Large fawn-grey or blue-grey parts in the patches.
- In blacks : Fawn, brown or blue-black colour.
- In blues: Fawn or black-blue colour.

SERIOUS FAULTS :
Temperament : Shyness.
Jaws/Teeth : Pincer bite.
Eyes : Ectropion, entropion.
Tail : Kinky tail.

ELIMINATING FAULTS :
Temperament : Aggressiveness, fear-biting.
Nose : Liver coloured; split nose.
Jaws/Teeth : Overshot, undershot, wry mouth.
Colour : Fawn or brindle dogs with white blaze, white collar, white feet or socks and white tip of tail.
Blue dogs with white blaze, white collar, white feet or socks or white tip of tail.
Harlequin dogs : White without any black (albinos), deaf. So called Porcelain tigers (dogs that show predominantly blue, grey, fawn or brindle patches), so called “Grautiger” (dogs that have a basic grey colour with black patches).
Height : Below minimum height.

N.B. : Male animals should have two apparently normally developed testicles fully descended into the scrotum.